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nasa the national aeronautics and space

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administration presents aeronautics and

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march seven scientists took a good look

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at the Sun the occasion a total solar

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eclipse an event of such magnitude will

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not occur again until 2024 54 years from

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now another Tyros operational weather

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satellite was launched in 1970 it's

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looking at the Earth's cloud cover and

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returns daily weather information

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orbited also Nimbus an advanced weather

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researcher to communication satellites

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were successfully launched as part of a

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global communication satellite system in

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aeronautics NASA continued its research

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in wake turbulence these smoked our

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tests show how tornado-like patterns of

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air are churned up as a large plane

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passes by causing potential hazards for

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lighter aircraft nasa's earth resources

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planes made high-altitude pictures of

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peru's devastating earthquake pictures

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that will contribute to the remote

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sensing of future natural disasters they

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also made temperature and color

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measurements over the tuner rich fishing

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grounds near oregon an effort to assist

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pacific coast fishing plates to increase

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their catch while enroute to the moon

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the third manned lunar landing attempt

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was cancelled when an oxygen tank

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ruptured the Apollo 13 astronauts

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Louisville haze and swaggered were then

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safely recovered from the Pacific Ocean

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at 3pm September 30th the last of the

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huge first stage engines that lift the

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Saturn 5 moon rockets off the launch pad

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were successfully test-fired trying out

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life support systems for long-duration

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spaceflights of the future for college

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students from California spent 90 days

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confined in a space station simulator

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the crew drank water and breathe oxygen

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reclaimed from their body wastes and

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emerged after their confinement showing

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no apparent ill effects

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beginning october 18 soviet cosmonauts

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andreia Nikolaev and vitaly sebastian

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off toward the US and several NASA field

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centers during that same month the

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United States and the Soviet Union

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agreed to study ways that American and

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Russian space ships could meet and join

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in space 1970 was the year of lunar

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research now for the first time a

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special report on what we've learned

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reporter Sally Ann Haynes reviews the

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for more than 20 centuries the moon has

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been studied and investigated by skills

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and ingenious men they have come to

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realize that in comparing the moon with

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you we can learn more about the history

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of both and ultimately more about the

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history of the solar system as a whole

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in the process we would gain a new

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perspective about our own place and role

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before mound Apollo flights to the moon

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we could only study it remotely

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primarily by way of instruments such as

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the telescope and recently in history by

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way of automated spacecraft early in the

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seventeenth century Galileo Galilei

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became the first of the great scientists

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to use the telescope a quite novel

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instrument at the time to study the moon

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I feel sure that the surface of the Moon

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is not perfectly smooth free from any

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qualities and exactly spherical has a

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large school of philosophers considers

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on the contrary it is full of

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inequalities uneven full of hollows and

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protuberances just like the surface of

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the earth itself his discoveries helped

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overturn andro Gnaeus beliefs popularly

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held and taught for 14th century and lay

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Galileo would be followed by a stream of

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other scientists and a mass of new

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information and knowledge the centuries

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of investigations produced a great deal

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for instance the moon orbiting once

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about every four weeks always keeping

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the same face toward Earth is far larger

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in more distance compared with its

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planet then are any of the other moons

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of our solar system compared with their

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plants in fact the moon is often

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considered a planet in its own right

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further some scientists believe that the

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moon is gradually pulling away from the

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earth which in turn is gradually

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revolving slower and slower on its axis

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there is at least some evidence that the

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moon was much nearer earth in the past

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although no one knows just how near it

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the surface of the Moon has actually

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been described as a cosmic battlefield a

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place terribly hostile to life it is

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alternately baked and frozen in

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temperatures ranging from some 250

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degrees fahrenheit above zero for some

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250 degrees below zero and it is seared

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as a whole the surface of the Moon may

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be divided into the heavily cratered

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Highlands which Galileo called the

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brighter pots and the Mario which

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Galileo called the doctor pots the

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Highlands are far more rubbin having 20

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this means that the formation of craters

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has slowed drastically by the time the

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in essence the highlands were formed

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when the moon was a growing dynamic body

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the maurya when the moon was far less

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active in contrast with the moon's face

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the far side is almost totally covered

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with Highlands there simply are none of

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the great Mario telescopes and automated

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satellites brought us close up looks at

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many individual features for instance in

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the highlands craters which look much

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like certain volcanoes on Earth other

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craters which look like impact sites

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sometimes with streaks of debris

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radiating hundreds of miles away from

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their centres mountain ranges which

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tower thousands of feet above the

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symmetrical Hills known as domes

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apparent red glows first seen in the

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1950s where the Highlands and Marya meet

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there are features which look much like

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ocean waves approaching a rugged

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shoreline the maurya basins are

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comparatively smooth and flat like into

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a frozen seen by the first men to orbit

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the moon and they are marked by

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so-called wrinkle ridges which have the

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appearance of frozen waves phantom

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craters evidently real craters virtually

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inundated by Mario materials then there

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are valleys which wander for hundreds of

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great fractures or thoughts which may

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slice across the moon's face for a

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hundred miles there are the newly

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discovered mass concentrations or mass

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cones buried beneath the circular Marya

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and their gravitational attraction

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actually distorts the flight path of

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from surveyor spacecraft there was even

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some knowledge of the nature of the soil

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and the chemistry of materials yet for

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all we had learned for all we had

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discovered even with unmanned space

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vehicles which landed on the surface and

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manned apollo vehicles which orbited

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above the surface the moon still somehow

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seemed remote and inaccessible until

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putting feet down two and a half

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three feet two and a half down make that

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0 for forward forward ripped into the

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right little ok and a half 30 second

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at the saddle up there I'm back right

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okay engine stop we copy you down eagle

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Griffin and gaudy babe here Hinkle air

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planted in a sense from this moment on

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the old moon that had once been the

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stuff of impossible dreams completely

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disappeared and the news of mountains

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and valleys and stoned earth and

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possible dreams took its place I will

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get to the details of what's around here

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but it looks like a collection of just

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about every variety of shape angularity

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granularity but every variety of rock

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you could find fairly large number of

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craters of the five to fifty foot

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variety and some reaches the small 2030

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feet I i would guess and literally

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thousands of little one and to put

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craters around the area there is a hill

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and you just about on the ground track

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ahead of it difficult to estimate but

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despite the a half a mile and throughout

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the world there was renewed Duluth not

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just in American technology but in human

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abilities

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thus in the moon Sea of Tranquility a

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new chapter in the history of science

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was begun simultaneously a carefully

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developed in planned programme of

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scientific investigation was set in

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there would be new information about the

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internal structure of the moon the

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chemical composition of the rocks and

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soil the dynamic processes at work and

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the ages of the materials scientists

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shared a great sense of excitement in

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the highest priority scientific

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undertaking the astronauts collected a

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selection of samples of the lunar

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surface the first extraterrestrial

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materials ever to be brought to work

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from a known context in an experience so

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new every fragment of information was of

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intense scientific interest define an

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artery I can pick it up loosely with my

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toe it says 'add here is fine layer like

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powdered charcoal to the full and size

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of my fruit I only go in a all action a

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maybe an eighth of an inch but I

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can see the footprints of my food from

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the trench and me fine antiparticle in

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the sentence of small craters the

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astronauts discovered strange features

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which looked much like splattered solder

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or glass

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the astronauts discovered rocks which

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had been hurled from neighboring crazies

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yet they saw no impact scars in a

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powdery surface for the rocks truck the

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scars had apparently been eroded away by

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an unknown process the astronauts set up

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an array of instruments in effect a

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miniature scientific station to return

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data to earth long after the men

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themselves had left one of the

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instruments relatively simple in concept

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was a reflecting device which would

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intercept a laser beam for Earth and

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send it back on itself measuring the

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time it took the beam to travel from the

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earth to the moon and back scientists

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could calculate the distance to the moon

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within a few inches they will be able to

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use such precise measurements in

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studying the earth for instance the

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variations in its rotation rate the

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wobble of its axis the drift of its

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another of the devices was a seismometer

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an instrument which detects vibrations

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of the lunar surface the vibrations

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reflect something of the nature of the

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internal structure and energy release of

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the moon a few months later when Apollo

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12 landed in the ocean of storms the

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astronauts given more time for

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scientific work on the surface were able

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to enlarge on all that the Apollo 11

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astronauts had accomplished they were

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able to range farther collect morn that

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are documented samples and set up a

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larger scientific station the scientific

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exploration of the moon was now well

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underway the lunar materials returned to

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earth were met with high excitement more

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than 140 scientists from this country

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and abroad punished into painstaking and

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intensive investigation we're broadening

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our horizons we were never able to do

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that while the intense activity that

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took place on the surface of the earth

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when it was a young planet had wiped out

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the record of the first million years in

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his history the moon is now restored

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that missing record in Safari to related

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to the earth I think it had contact with

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the feelings of every person not merely

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the specialists regarding what are you

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typical of the detailed efforts were

278
00:15:44,100 --> 00:15:41,889
studies with electron microscopes which

279
00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:44,110
produced magnifications up to 1 million

280
00:15:57,819 --> 00:15:56,109
for some of these studies samples were

281
00:16:00,669 --> 00:15:57,829
sectioned with a knife which has the

282
00:16:09,489 --> 00:16:00,679
sharpest edge known it can split a hare

283
00:16:11,559 --> 00:16:09,499
into 10,000 sections the scientists

284
00:16:15,400 --> 00:16:11,569
often felt a sense of wonder what they

285
00:16:17,220 --> 00:16:15,410
saw this dust which looks like gray

286
00:16:19,749 --> 00:16:17,230
material without interest has

287
00:16:21,639 --> 00:16:19,759
exceedingly beautiful and varied forms

288
00:16:23,169 --> 00:16:21,649
just from an aesthetic standpoint as

289
00:16:24,699 --> 00:16:23,179
well of course from a scientific

290
00:16:26,679 --> 00:16:24,709
standpoint when you put it under the

291
00:16:28,749 --> 00:16:26,689
microscope the material is just

292
00:16:33,309 --> 00:16:28,759
beautiful aesthetically and of course

293
00:16:35,319 --> 00:16:33,319
it's beautiful scientifically among the

294
00:16:37,780 --> 00:16:35,329
materials there are crystalline rocks

295
00:16:40,780 --> 00:16:37,790
clearly marked as igneous by bubble like

296
00:16:42,639 --> 00:16:40,790
cavities and by their chemistry they

297
00:16:45,249 --> 00:16:42,649
were crystallized from molten silicon

298
00:16:47,350 --> 00:16:45,259
material in a lunar Inferno with

299
00:16:53,319 --> 00:16:47,360
temperatures well over 2,000 degrees

300
00:16:54,939 --> 00:16:53,329
Fahrenheit there are other rocks which

301
00:16:57,999 --> 00:16:54,949
consist of fragments of the igneous

302
00:17:00,429 --> 00:16:58,009
rocks embedded in lunar soil call brick

303
00:17:02,980 --> 00:17:00,439
Sia's they were formed when meteorites

304
00:17:05,079 --> 00:17:02,990
impacted on the surface producing such

305
00:17:12,699 --> 00:17:05,089
tremendous pressures that rubble and

306
00:17:14,919 --> 00:17:12,709
soil were welded into solid rock both

307
00:17:17,019 --> 00:17:14,929
the igneous rocks and the breakfast fare

308
00:17:20,079 --> 00:17:17,029
clear witness to prolonged meteorite

309
00:17:22,500 --> 00:17:20,089
bombardment they have been rounded as if

310
00:17:24,789 --> 00:17:22,510
they had been severely sandblasted

311
00:17:26,799 --> 00:17:24,799
fitted where they have been struck by

312
00:17:31,130 --> 00:17:26,809
micro meteorites traveling with high

313
00:17:38,130 --> 00:17:36,480
and some coated with floss a material

314
00:17:48,510 --> 00:17:38,140
which had been melted and splashed by

315
00:17:50,730 --> 00:17:48,520
meteorite impact rocks from Apollo 11

316
00:17:53,220 --> 00:17:50,740
and Apollo 12 are in some ways similar

317
00:17:55,410 --> 00:17:53,230
but there were important differences in

318
00:17:58,560 --> 00:17:55,420
chemistry mineral composition and

319
00:18:00,600 --> 00:17:58,570
texture further the minerals of the

320
00:18:03,560 --> 00:18:00,610
Apollo 11 rocks took on their present

321
00:18:06,120 --> 00:18:03,570
arrangement about 3.7 billion years ago

322
00:18:10,410 --> 00:18:06,130
the minerals of the Apollo 12 rocks

323
00:18:12,630 --> 00:18:10,420
about 3.3 or 3.4 billion years ago an

324
00:18:14,790 --> 00:18:12,640
indication of two different events

325
00:18:17,850 --> 00:18:14,800
separated by several hundred million

326
00:18:20,520 --> 00:18:17,860
years the ages were far greater than

327
00:18:22,710 --> 00:18:20,530
many expected it was probably during

328
00:18:25,910 --> 00:18:22,720
this time more than three billion years

329
00:18:28,950 --> 00:18:25,920
ago but the maurya basins were filmed

330
00:18:31,050 --> 00:18:28,960
while the Apollo 12 rocks were generally

331
00:18:33,180 --> 00:18:31,060
somewhat younger the collection did

332
00:18:36,930 --> 00:18:33,190
needled one unique and quite complicated

333
00:18:40,380 --> 00:18:36,940
rocks number 13 now famous in lunar

334
00:18:43,980 --> 00:18:40,390
science portions of rock 13 proved to be

335
00:18:47,130 --> 00:18:43,990
some 4.6 billion years old very nearly

336
00:18:49,290 --> 00:18:47,140
the age of the solar system itself this

337
00:18:53,310 --> 00:18:49,300
may be some indication of what to expect

338
00:18:55,860 --> 00:18:53,320
from the lunar Highlands another type of

339
00:18:57,840 --> 00:18:55,870
material is the lunar soil created

340
00:19:01,530 --> 00:18:57,850
apparently as rocks had been pulverized

341
00:19:04,110 --> 00:19:01,540
by bombardment one core tube sample from

342
00:19:06,480 --> 00:19:04,120
the Apollo 12 landing site showed the

343
00:19:08,490 --> 00:19:06,490
soil was stratified or layered with

344
00:19:10,830 --> 00:19:08,500
lighter and darker bands of material

345
00:19:15,420 --> 00:19:10,840
they even seem that one layer might have

346
00:19:17,520 --> 00:19:15,430
a mixture of volcanic ash under the

347
00:19:19,940 --> 00:19:17,530
microscope it can be seen that the soil

348
00:19:22,350 --> 00:19:19,950
consists of tiny fragments of rocks

349
00:19:24,960 --> 00:19:22,360
particles of glass and bits of

350
00:19:27,810 --> 00:19:24,970
meteorites even the soil shows evidence

351
00:19:30,270 --> 00:19:27,820
of bombardment some of the individual

352
00:19:32,220 --> 00:19:30,280
grains have been so pitted in fact that

353
00:19:37,150 --> 00:19:32,230
they look almost like tiny replicas of

354
00:19:41,990 --> 00:19:39,770
in examining the lunar soils and

355
00:19:43,670 --> 00:19:42,000
breakfast scientists have found an

356
00:19:46,370 --> 00:19:43,680
abundance of products of the solar wind

357
00:19:53,390 --> 00:19:46,380
the streams of particles flung off the

358
00:19:55,220 --> 00:19:53,400
Sun they have found in fact that if an

359
00:19:57,500 --> 00:19:55,230
ounce of lunar soil is heated to about

360
00:19:59,240 --> 00:19:57,510
1,800 degrees Fahrenheit at an

361
00:20:02,090 --> 00:19:59,250
atmospheric pressure equal to that at

362
00:20:04,460 --> 00:20:02,100
sea level about 12 cubic inches of gas

363
00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:04,470
will be produced primarily hydrogen

364
00:20:10,640 --> 00:20:08,010
helium directly from the Sun it is

365
00:20:13,510 --> 00:20:10,650
possible using the moon materials to go

366
00:20:15,620 --> 00:20:13,520
back and trace the behavior of the Sun

367
00:20:18,050 --> 00:20:15,630
almost back to the beginning of the

368
00:20:20,390 --> 00:20:18,060
solar system the interesting part about

369
00:20:23,150 --> 00:20:20,400
the solar wind is that it represents the

370
00:20:25,610 --> 00:20:23,160
actual stuff of the Sun as if you had in

371
00:20:28,130 --> 00:20:25,620
your hands you're able to dip into the

372
00:20:31,940 --> 00:20:28,140
Sun and reach out and take this material

373
00:20:33,740 --> 00:20:31,950
and bring it back to your laboratory the

374
00:20:36,170 --> 00:20:33,750
lunar materials have also been closely

375
00:20:38,600 --> 00:20:36,180
searched for any trace of life or even

376
00:20:40,550 --> 00:20:38,610
for any materials with organic contents

377
00:20:42,290 --> 00:20:40,560
it has been a search which the

378
00:20:49,590 --> 00:20:42,300
scientists have so far found to be

379
00:20:53,970 --> 00:20:51,570
scientists have found the results more

380
00:20:57,150 --> 00:20:53,980
interesting however when earth organisms

381
00:21:00,930 --> 00:20:57,160
have been exposed to lunar materials of

382
00:21:03,990 --> 00:21:00,940
the variety of biological systems that

383
00:21:06,570 --> 00:21:04,000
we tested with the lunar material the

384
00:21:09,870 --> 00:21:06,580
plants were most unique in their

385
00:21:12,659 --> 00:21:09,880
response for example the five jars of

386
00:21:16,110 --> 00:21:12,669
liverworts you see illustrated on the

387
00:21:18,810 --> 00:21:16,120
top gave much increased growth in the

388
00:21:21,630 --> 00:21:18,820
presence of lunar material this effect

389
00:21:24,049 --> 00:21:21,640
was noted for ferns a number of tissue

390
00:21:26,580 --> 00:21:24,059
cultures such as tobacco and corn and

391
00:21:29,909 --> 00:21:26,590
certain higher plant species such as

392
00:21:32,549 --> 00:21:29,919
lettuce now the exact reasons for this

393
00:21:36,600 --> 00:21:32,559
beneficial response are unknown at the

394
00:21:40,770 --> 00:21:36,610
present however it is likely that some

395
00:21:42,890 --> 00:21:40,780
trace mineral or perhaps even a physical

396
00:21:45,360 --> 00:21:42,900
property of the lunar material is

397
00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:45,370
interacting with the minerals we furnish

398
00:21:51,180 --> 00:21:48,250
to give a more desirable medium for

399
00:21:53,789 --> 00:21:51,190
plant growth this is a very exciting

400
00:21:56,850 --> 00:21:53,799
discovery and one that was totally

401
00:22:02,159 --> 00:21:56,860
unexpected in the tests conducted in the

402
00:22:04,260 --> 00:22:02,169
lunar receiving laboratory the flood of

403
00:22:06,930 --> 00:22:04,270
information derived lunar materials

404
00:22:12,419 --> 00:22:06,940
alone or required decades to interpret

405
00:22:14,039 --> 00:22:12,429
fully in the meantime however still more

406
00:22:15,720 --> 00:22:14,049
information is flowing in from the

407
00:22:18,480 --> 00:22:15,730
scientific instruments set up by the

408
00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:18,490
astronauts scientists receive one of

409
00:22:22,649 --> 00:22:20,320
their biggest surprises when the Apollo

410
00:22:24,899 --> 00:22:22,659
12 seismometer told the story of how the

411
00:22:28,740 --> 00:22:24,909
moon vibrated when it was struck by the

412
00:22:32,580 --> 00:22:28,750
astronauts abandoned lunar module it is

413
00:22:35,850 --> 00:22:32,590
as though one had struck a belt in the

414
00:22:38,279 --> 00:22:35,860
belfry of the church a single blow and

415
00:22:41,610 --> 00:22:38,289
found that the reverberation from it

416
00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:41,620
continued for 30 minutes thus it will

417
00:22:46,409 --> 00:22:43,450
seem to indicate that the energy of the

418
00:22:48,260 --> 00:22:46,419
impact scattered greatly on one hand but

419
00:22:50,880 --> 00:22:48,270
had a prolonged duration on the other

420
00:22:53,390 --> 00:22:50,890
such a combination of characteristics

421
00:22:56,010 --> 00:22:53,400
simply does not occur on earth

422
00:22:58,350 --> 00:22:56,020
subsequently signals of a similar nature

423
00:23:02,640 --> 00:22:58,360
will receive from other impacts both

424
00:23:07,480 --> 00:23:05,530
after analyzing signals recorded over

425
00:23:10,180 --> 00:23:07,490
several months scientists also

426
00:23:12,130 --> 00:23:10,190
discovered evidence of moonquakes these

427
00:23:13,810 --> 00:23:12,140
occurred each time the moon pass through

428
00:23:15,670 --> 00:23:13,820
the point of its orbit closest to Earth

429
00:23:18,030 --> 00:23:15,680
when there was maximum gravitational

430
00:23:20,470 --> 00:23:18,040
attraction between the two bodies

431
00:23:22,600 --> 00:23:20,480
apparently the attraction triggered the

432
00:23:27,190 --> 00:23:22,610
quakes and they were possibly a volcanic

433
00:23:28,900 --> 00:23:27,200
origin so far however the seismometer

434
00:23:31,000 --> 00:23:28,910
detected those signals that would

435
00:23:33,580 --> 00:23:31,010
indicate events originating deep within

436
00:23:38,770 --> 00:23:33,590
the moon such events occur frequently

437
00:23:42,190 --> 00:23:38,780
under the upshot is that the main of the

438
00:23:44,230 --> 00:23:42,200
signals is far from understood from

439
00:23:46,800 --> 00:23:44,240
other instruments scientists are

440
00:23:49,090 --> 00:23:46,810
harvesting rich new information on the

441
00:23:52,780 --> 00:23:49,100
magnetic fields of the moon and the

442
00:23:55,690 --> 00:23:52,790
earth they extremely thin atmosphere of

443
00:23:59,830 --> 00:23:55,700
the moon the rate at which particle

444
00:24:02,170 --> 00:23:59,840
stream away from the Sun for a long time

445
00:24:04,450 --> 00:24:02,180
to come scientists will be putting bits

446
00:24:07,300 --> 00:24:04,460
and pieces together searching out the

447
00:24:09,220 --> 00:24:07,310
answers to a long list of questions but

448
00:24:12,540 --> 00:24:09,230
already certain parts of the whole

449
00:24:15,670 --> 00:24:12,550
picture are beginning to take shape and

450
00:24:20,910 --> 00:24:15,680
the moon is by far our more interesting

451
00:24:26,560 --> 00:24:23,410
although every current theory about the

452
00:24:28,660 --> 00:24:26,570
moon's origin has major flaws it does

453
00:24:30,400 --> 00:24:28,670
seem probable with the major events in a

454
00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:30,410
formation and evolution of the moon

455
00:24:34,630 --> 00:24:33,170
occurred early in its history and that

456
00:24:37,750 --> 00:24:34,640
relatively little has happened since

457
00:24:39,460 --> 00:24:37,760
then one indication of this is the far

458
00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:39,470
greater frequency of craters in the

459
00:24:44,380 --> 00:24:41,690
highlands and in amariah which are

460
00:24:46,630 --> 00:24:44,390
themselves very old and it means the

461
00:24:47,950 --> 00:24:46,640
moon may hold records of events which

462
00:24:53,080 --> 00:24:47,960
have long since been obliterated

463
00:24:55,180 --> 00:24:53,090
four-month by erosion structurally the

464
00:24:57,970 --> 00:24:55,190
moon compared with you earth is an

465
00:24:59,470 --> 00:24:57,980
extremely strong and rigid body as it

466
00:25:03,190 --> 00:24:59,480
would have to be to support the great

467
00:25:06,400 --> 00:25:03,200
mass concentrations mass Connors so near

468
00:25:10,460 --> 00:25:08,630
scientists have seen that great heating

469
00:25:13,820 --> 00:25:10,470
has played a major role in shaping the

470
00:25:17,299 --> 00:25:13,830
moon's face in fact the Mario basins

471
00:25:19,490 --> 00:25:17,309
were filled with the lava flows they

472
00:25:23,289 --> 00:25:19,500
have also seen that impact has played a

473
00:25:29,900 --> 00:25:23,299
major role both on a gigantic scale and

474
00:25:31,970 --> 00:25:29,910
on a microscopic scale contrary to what

475
00:25:36,230 --> 00:25:31,980
many expected there has been no evidence

476
00:25:38,539 --> 00:25:36,240
of water and as most expected there has

477
00:25:41,810 --> 00:25:38,549
been no trace of life and there seems

478
00:25:43,789 --> 00:25:41,820
little chance of finding any but as

479
00:25:45,919 --> 00:25:43,799
often happens in science the

480
00:25:47,270 --> 00:25:45,929
investigation so far have raised more

481
00:25:50,480 --> 00:25:47,280
questions than they have provided

482
00:25:53,330 --> 00:25:50,490
answers for instance what is the

483
00:25:54,740 --> 00:25:53,340
interior of the moon like what is the

484
00:25:57,620 --> 00:25:54,750
source of the heat that produced the

485
00:26:00,409 --> 00:25:57,630
lava was it produced in some way and the

486
00:26:03,890 --> 00:26:00,419
interior of the moon or was it generated

487
00:26:05,750 --> 00:26:03,900
by meteoroid impacts what lies behind

488
00:26:07,850 --> 00:26:05,760
the fact that it is the side of the moon

489
00:26:13,210 --> 00:26:07,860
with the maurya basis that faces us on

490
00:26:17,540 --> 00:26:15,800
what in the tail are the relative

491
00:26:20,690 --> 00:26:17,550
differences between the highlands and

492
00:26:25,190 --> 00:26:20,700
the maurya and the question one always

493
00:26:27,650 --> 00:26:25,200
returns to how was the moon created in

494
00:26:29,180 --> 00:26:27,660
essence the scientific investigation of

495
00:26:34,840 --> 00:26:29,190
the moon is one of the great

496
00:26:37,670 --> 00:26:34,850
intellectual adventures of our time and

497
00:26:39,980 --> 00:26:37,680
a major chapter was written at the first

498
00:26:43,280 --> 00:26:39,990
conference for lunar science early in

499
00:26:44,690 --> 00:26:43,290
the year nineteen seventy well we've

500
00:26:46,010 --> 00:26:44,700
come an awful long way and I think we've

501
00:26:49,040 --> 00:26:46,020
learned some very interesting things but

502
00:26:50,420 --> 00:26:49,050
there's still an enormous amount first

503
00:26:52,940 --> 00:26:50,430
to learn about the moon before we fully

504
00:26:54,850 --> 00:26:52,950
understand it when we go to the

505
00:26:57,470 --> 00:26:54,860
Highlands we will go to the Highlands

506
00:26:59,630 --> 00:26:57,480
that they're going to be even more

507
00:27:01,190 --> 00:26:59,640
interesting from this point of view of

508
00:27:03,530 --> 00:27:01,200
the fundamental history of the solar

509
00:27:06,230 --> 00:27:03,540
system then the parts that we have

510
00:27:07,940 --> 00:27:06,240
already visited it is only through the

511
00:27:10,400 --> 00:27:07,950
understanding of the interior of this

512
00:27:12,500 --> 00:27:10,410
planet that we begin to start to

513
00:27:16,850 --> 00:27:12,510
understand some of the processes that we

514
00:27:18,830 --> 00:27:16,860
see on the surface of years in fact we

515
00:27:21,290 --> 00:27:18,840
are taking a step in our understanding

516
00:27:23,270 --> 00:27:21,300
of the solar system and the earth that

517
00:27:25,460 --> 00:27:23,280
is comparable to the one taken by

518
00:27:31,930 --> 00:27:25,470
Galileo when he first pointed the

519
00:27:37,729 --> 00:27:35,299
this has been a special report brought